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Laboratory Test Reference Guide

Laboratory Information

Test Name

Sputum (Microbiology)

Specimen Collection

Pre Testing Requirements

Pre collection mouth rinse with distilled water or saline recommended.

Specimen Collection and Transport Protocols

Specimens consisting mostly of saliva are rejected for culture.

Adult Specimen

Sputum, Induced Sputum, Cough Swab

Test Information

Department

Microbiology

Test Availability

Mon - Sun, 0800 - 2400

Laboratory Turnaround Time

Gram stain,same dayCulture 1 - 3 days

Method

Microscopy and routine culture

Diagnostic Use Or Instructions

  • Do not repeat sputum culture within 7 days unless poor quality specimen received
  • Do not request routine sputum cultures in every patient with a cough (be selective).

Half of sputums are significantly contaminated, putting patients at risk of inaccurate treatment. 

Carefully coach the patient in collection technique to ensure a high quality specimen.

Results of most sputum cultures rarely change management. Sputum cultures should be requested selectively (for example in patients with bronchiectasis or COPD but not in asthma or bronchitis).

Do not repeat sputum cultures after antibiotics have been started, unless there is a failure to respond to the antibiotic therapy. 

Additional Information

Relevant clinical details are essential to ensure appropriate culture procedure

Minimum Volume

1.0mL